The 2nd Shanghai Science Communication Forum on theme “HIV/AIDS discovery, Prevention and Control” was held in Shanghai Science and Technology Museum on June 18. Prof. Vincent Deubel, Director General of Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences was invited to give a lecture on “Emerging Viral Infections: from animal to human, from AIDS to flu”. 

　　Prof. Deubel started his lecture by quoting a famous sentence of MacFarlane Burnett in 1962: “ …One can think of the middle of the twentieth century as the end of one of the most important social revolutions in history, the virtual elimination of the infectious disease as a significant factor of social life.” However, this was a dream only, new infectious diseases have emerged continuously since then. Prof.　　 Deubel told the audience that we should work in a multidisciplinary teamworking approach to fight against emerging infectious diseases. 

　　By giving origins of HIV and influenza, as well as other emerging infectious diseases over last decades, Prof. Deubel illustrated that 60% of all human pathogens are zoonotic, and 80% of animal pathogens are multi-host pathogens. This demonstrates that animal health profundly impacts on human health. Thus, Prof. Deubel fully agreed with the ‘One World, One Health’ concept, which establishes a more interdisciplinary and cross-sectorial approach to prevent epidemic or epizootic diseases and for maintaining ecosystem integrity. At the end of his lecture, Prof. Deubel concluded that we should remember lessons learnt from the early AIDS years, increase researcher’s awareness on patients and clinicians specific problems, promote and coordinate a cooperation network between patients, clinicians and researchers as well as public and private sector... 

　　Prof. Kang Laiyi, tenure professor and chief doctor of Shanghai Municipal Center for Diseases Prevention and Control gave the second lecture on “Current status of HIV/AIDS epidemic in China and its strategies for prevention & control”. Prof. Kang told audience that China was now facing the problem with HIV/AIDS seriously. The epidemic characteristics are: significant increase in the number of HIV/AIDS; low prevalence but local outbreaks; increasing number of cases with AIDS and AIDS related deaths; predominant transmission mode due to sexual contacts; and spread of HIV/AIDS from high-risk groups to the general population. 

　　Prof. Kang introduced that the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in China have been strengthened, in aspects of enhancing leaderships, increasing investment, legislation to guarantee treatment, capacity building, research, international cooperation, etc. He called on public awareness on HIV/AIDS knowledge for the objective of self-protection from infection. 

　　After the lectures, Prof. Deubel and Prof. Kang answered questions from the audience.